South Africa has become a major role player internationally in the past two decades. Apart from the role the country has played in politics on the African continent, the country has made significant inroads into being one of the major role players in education and development. In its quest to become a major role player, South Africa and its 23 Universities have to influence and are influenced by other countries. The exchange of students and academics is central to the internationalisation of education globally. This article attempts to answer three pertinent questions. The first question is what does internationalisation of higher education entail? The second question is why internationalisation? The third question is what challenges may arise from internationalisation of education?