Ecologically sustainable development in the utilization of the natural resources is a prerequisite for an environment protected for the benefit of the present and future generations of the Republic of South Africa. Cognisance will be taken of those factors which contributed to or which prevented the realisation of this goal in the Cederberg Wilderness Area. Reference will be made to those factors by describing its geographical area, factors assisting and mitigating against sustainable development and utilization of resources, and research projects in the area. Lastly, the future management and resource utilization will be considered.